Muscle strains and tears

Muscle strain occurs when a muscle is overstretched, damaging some of its fibres. A tear occurs when the damage is severe and affects many muscle fibres. Both conditions are usually caused by sudden, strenuous movements and occur most often in people who play sports. Abdominal and back muscles may be injured by lifting heavy objects. Athletes are particularly susceptible to these injuries. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and bruising.


Muscle strains and tears may be prevented by preparing adequately before sports activities. If you do strain or tear a muscles, follow first-aid procedures. When the pain and swelling subside, usually within 2 days, you can exercise the muscle gently. However, if the pain remains, consult your doctor. Your doctor may suggest that you take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. He or she may also advise you to rest the affected muscle and receive physiotherapy. If the injury is severe, you may have an X-ray to rule out a fracture. Rarely, surgery may be needed to repair a muscle that has been badly torn.